Low Alemannic is a branch of Alemannic German and is often considered to be part of the German language, even though it is only partly intelligible to speakers of German.
Variants[1]:
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The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from High Alemannic is the retention of Germanic /k/, for instance kalt 'cold' vs. High Alemannic chalt.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from Swabian is the retention of the Middle High German monophthongs, for instance Huus 'house' vs. Swabian Hous or Ziit 'time' vs. Swabian Zejt.
(All of the below is specific to the dialects spoken near Freiburg im Breisgau)
Vowels:
Short Vowel | Pronunciation | Long Vowel | Pronunciation |
---|---|---|---|
a | [a] | aa | [aː] |
ä | [æ] | ää | [æː] |
è | [ɛ] | èè | [ɛː] |
e | [e, ə] | ee | [eː] |
i | [ɪ] | ii | [iː] |
o | [o] | oo | [oː] |
ù | [ʊ] | ùù | [ʊː] |
u | [y] | uu | [yː] |
y | [i, y] | yy | [uː] |
Consonants:
Are as in Standard German, with the following notes:
Definite Article
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nom/Acc Sg | der Man | d Frau | s Kind |
Dat Sg | im Man | (in) der Frau | im Kind |
Nom/Acc Pl | d Mane | d Fraue | d Kinder |
Dat Pl | (in) der Mane | (in) der Fraue | (in) der Kinder |
Indefinite Article
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nom/Acc Sg | e Man | e Frau | e Kind |
Dat Sg | im e Man | in ere Frau | im e Kind |
Diminutives
Weak Declension
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nom/Acc Sg | der groos Man | di göed Frau | s klai Kind |
Dat Sg | im (e) groose Man | in der / in ere göede Frau | im (e) klaine Kind |
Nom/Acc Pl | di groose Mane | di göede Fraue | di klaine Kinder |
Dat Pl | in der groose Mane | in der göede Fraue | in der klaine Kinder |
Strong Declension
Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nom/Acc Sg | göede Wyy | göedi Frau | göed Brood |
Dat Sg | göedem Wyy | göeder Frau | göedem Brood |
Nom/Acc Pl | groosi Mane | groosi Fraue | klaini Kinder |
Dat Pl | in groose Mane | in groose Fraue | in klaine Kinder |
Comperative
Superlative
Irregular
Positive | Comperative | Superlative |
---|---|---|
vyyl | mee | maischd |
göed | beser | beschd |
Personal Pronouns
English | Hochdeutsch | Alemmanisch Nom | Dative | Accusative |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | ich | ich, ii, i | miir, mir, mer | mii, mi |
you | du | duu, du, de | diir, dir, der | dii, di |
he | er | äär, är, er | iim, im, em | iin, in, en, e |
she | sie | sii, si | iire, ire, ere | sii, si |
it | es | ääs, äs, es, s | iim, im, em | ääs, äs, es, s |
we | wir | miir, mir, mer | ùns, is | ùns, is |
you | ihr | iir, ir, er | èich, ich | èich, ich |
they | sie | sii, si | iine, ine, ene | sii, si |
1. Infinitive
Infinitive ends in -e
2. Participle
2.1 Prefix
2.2 Suffix
2.3 Types
2.3.1 Infinitive and Present Sg y/èi/ai - Participle i
2.3.1.1 y -> i (e.g. abwyyse -> abgwiise)
2.3.1.2 èi -> i (e.g. verzèie -> verziie)
2.3.1.3 ai -> i (e.g. schaide -> gschiide)
2.3.2 Infinitive and Present Sg ie/u/au/èi/i - Participle o/öu/öe
2.3.2.1 ie -> o (e.g. biede -> bode)
2.3.2.2 u -> o (e.g. sufe -> gsofe)
2.3.2.3 au -> o (e.g. laufe -> glofe)
2.3.2.4 èi -> öu (e.g. rèie -> gröue)
2.3.2.5 ie -> öe (e.g. riefe -> gröefe)
2.3.2.5 i -> o (e.g. wiige -> gwooge)
2.3.3 Infinitive and Present Sg i - Participle ù
2.3.3.1 i -> u (e.g. binde -> bùnde)
2.3.4 Infinitive ä/e - Present i - Participle o/u
2.3.4.1 ä - i - o (e.g. bräche -> broche)
2.3.4.2 ä - i - u (e.g. hälfe -> ghùlfe)
2.3.4.3 e/è - i - o (e.g. verdèèrbe -> verdoorbe)
2.3.4.4 e - i - ù (e.g. schmelze -> gschmùlze)
2.3.5 Infinitive ä/i - Present i - Participle ä
2.3.5.1 ä - i - ä (e.g. äse -> gäse)
2.3.5.2 i - i - ä (e.g. bide -> bäde)
2.3.6 Infinitive Vowel is the same as the Participle
2.3.5.1 (e.g. bache -> bache; fale -> gfale)
3. Conjugation
3.1 Present Tense 3.1.1 Regular Verb
Person | Ending | Example |
---|---|---|
1st Sg | N/A | ich mach |
2nd Sg | -sch | duu machsch |
3rd Sg | -d | är machd |
Plural | -e | mir mache |
Cardinal | Ordinal | Mutiplicative I | Mutiplicative II | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ais | èèrschd | aifach | aimool |
2 | zwai | zwaid | zwaifach | zwaimool |
3 | drèi | drid | drèifach | drèimool |
4 | vier | vierd | vierfach | viermool |
5 | fimf | fimfd | fimffach | fimfmool |
6 | segs | segsd | segsfach | segsmool |
7 | siibe | sibd | siibefach | siibemool |
8 | aachd | aachd | aachdfach | aachdmool |
9 | nyyn | nyynd | nyynfach | nyynmool |
10 | zee | zeend | zeefach | zeemool |
11 | elf | elfd | elffach | elfmool |
12 | zwelf | zwelfd | zwelffach | zwelfmool |
13 | dryzee | dryzeend | dryzeefach | dryzeemool |
14 | vierzee | vierzeend | vierzeefach | vierzeemool |
15 | fùfzee | fùfzeend | fùfzeefach | fùfzeemool |
16 | sächzee | sächzeend | sächzeefach | sächzeemool |
17 | sibzee | sibzeend | sibzeefach | sibzeemool |
18 | aachdzee | aachdzeend | aachdzeefach | aachdzeemool |
19 | nyynzee | nyynzeend | nyynzeefach | nyynzeemool |
20 | zwanzg | zwanzigschd | zwanzgfach | zwanzgmool |
21 | ainezwanzg | ainezwanzigschd | ainezwanzgfach | ainezwanzgmool |